Why Did Persia Fall to Alexander the Great?

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  @nabaei1199 · 2 weeks ago

  The Outlandish Lies About Alexander the Great — The Greatest Lie in History<br><br>1. Alexander’s army consisted mainly of infantry and several thousand cavalrymen. These soldiers wore metal armor and helmets and carried equipment such as spears ranging from one meter to six meters in length—one for each soldier—as well as swords, shields, clay canteens, and so on, all of which would have added considerable weight.<br><br>There also had to be a supporting force responsible for supplying water, food, fodder for horses and pack animals, tents and shelters, cooking equipment, and so forth, in addition to heavy military equipment such as catapults and siege engines.<br><br>How many kilometers per day could such a force actually have moved?<br><br>Alexander the Great supposedly traveled from the city of Tyre to Beirut and from there to Deir ez-Zor, on the Euphrates River. According to the Greek historians, this route was approximately 650 kilometers. They report that this distance was covered in eleven days!<br><br>That means the army supposedly traveled 60 kilometers per day!<br><br>This is absolutely impossible.<br><br>After reaching the Euphrates at Deir ez-Zor, they supposedly traveled toward Nineveh (Mosul) and then to Erbil. This distance was approximately 320 kilometers, and it was allegedly covered in only four days—meaning that this military caravan traveled 80 kilometers per day.<br><br>It is completely impossible for an ancient army consisting of infantry to move at such a speed.<br><br>This is an outrageous lie that we will never accept. The entire account is fundamentally false and invalid.<br><br>2. At the Battle of Gaugamela, the army of Darius III is reported to have numbered as many as two million men!<br><br>There was absolutely no possibility of assembling such an enormous army under the conditions prevailing in the country at that time.<br><br>Yet despite this supposedly enormous army and its history of victories in warfare, according to the account of Arrian, the Persians were defeated and their casualties reached as many as 300,000 men!<br><br>The Greek army supposedly suffered only 1,060 casualties!<br><br>It is disgraceful that a Greek historian, who was also a commander in the Roman army, could be so dishonorable that, because of his hostility toward Iran, he completely lost all sense of proportion in his numbers and reported events that had occurred four hundred years earlier with such shameless exaggeration.<br><br>Alexander the Great supposedly traveled a total of 1,440 kilometers to reach Babylon, again at these astronomical speeds. Yet the direct route to Babylon was no more than 980 kilometers.<br><br>This is another indication of the ignorance and lack of geographical knowledge of Iran on the part of the biased historian Arrian.<br><br>If we are to accept these ridiculous and fabricated accounts transmitted by the Greek historians—and accepted by Hasan Pirnia (Moshir al-Dowleh) and subsequently included in school textbooks—then nothing makes sense anymore.<br><br>We are apparently expected to believe everything.<br><br>We are expected to believe, for example, that Alexander attacked Susa and conquered it; then entered the Zagros Mountains and crossed them as easily as a mountain goat; then conquered Parsa (Persepolis) and, at the request of his prostitute mistress Thais, who supposedly passed between Alexander, his commander Ptolemy, and others, set Persepolis on fire and destroyed it.<br><br>Now it was the turn of the historic city of Hamadan to be reached by the same tricks.<br><br>But between Parsa and Hamadan stood the enormous and supposedly impregnable city of Isfahan (Spahan).<br><br>How could he possibly have overcome Isfahan?<br><br>The biased Greek historian Arrian apparently knew nothing about geography, and therefore he simply takes Alexander to Hamadan with ease.<br><br>In the same manner, Alexander supposedly traveled every road at the speed of light and succeeded in reaching, in 330 BCE, the body of Darius III, who had allegedly been murdered by his treacherous companions, somewhere along the road between Damghan and Shahroud, and paid his respects to him.<br><br>In other words, between Alexander’s arrival in Asia Minor in 333 BCE and his supposed discovery of the Persian king’s body in 330 BCE—a period of only three years—he supposedly accomplished all of the following:<br><br>He won three major battles—Granicus, Issus, and Gaugamela—and conquered the cities of Tyre and Gaza, each supposedly requiring a seven-month siege; conquered Egypt and founded the city of Alexandria; conquered all these satrapies (provinces); killed hundreds of thousands of Iranian warriors while suffering only very limited Macedonian casualties; crossed the formidable Zagros Mountains; fought Ariobarzanes amid the cold and heavy winter snow; and looted and destroyed Parsa (Persepolis).<br><br>And supposedly he achieved all of this in just three years!<br><br>Of course, after defeats such as the Battle of Carrhae (Harran) against Surena, in which approximately forty thousand Roman legionaries were lost and seven Roman military standards (signa, the eagle standards) fell into Iranian hands, thereby devastating the honor and prestige of Rome—as acknowledged by Plutarch and others—perhaps all these lies and fantasies are not surprising.<br><br>What is surprising is that we are the ones who teach the supposed betrayals of people such as Pirnia (Moshir al-Mamalek) in elementary and secondary-school textbooks.