[세계사] '한 번도 지지 않은' 알렉산더 대왕이 딱 한 번 무릎 꿇은 상대 (49분 완결)

#AlexanderTheGreat #AlexanderTheGreat #WorldHistory #PersianEmpire #Hellenism Alexander the Great (Alexander III, 356–323 BC) was a conqueror who ascended to the throne of Macedonia at the age of 20 and brought down the Persian Empire by marching 30,000 kilometers over 11 years. Although he never lost a battle, the only place he ever retreated in his life was not Persia, but his own soldiers before the Hyphasis River in India. In 336 BC, in the middle of a wedding procession, Philip II, King of Macedonia, fell to a dagger wielded by a guard. The crown fell to his 20-year-old son, and the 5-meter spear his father had spent 23 years crafting, along with a paid professional soldier, fell directly into his hands. The treasury was 70 talents, the debt was 200 talents, and the provisions loaded on the ships amounted to only 30 days' worth. With such a meager livelihood, he walked for 11 years. In 333 BC, King Darius III of Persia turned his back on the empire at Issus; in 331, the empire came to an end at Gaugamela; and in 330, the palace of Persepolis was reduced to ashes overnight. Yet, in the kingdom he destroyed, 2,699 kilometers of the King's Road and 50 kilometers of waterways beneath the desert were already laid out; and from the day the victor began to learn from the defeated, a rift formed between him and his subordinates. At a banquet in Marakanda, he stabbed Cleitus with a spear, the very man who had saved his life, and in 326, at the River Hyphasis, his command fell to the ground for the first time in eight years. From his accession to the throne to the final 12 days of Babylon at the age of 32, we follow the life of one man from beginning to end. In 333 BC, King Darius III of Persia turned his back on the empire at Issus; in 331, the empire came to an end at Gaugamela; and in 330, the palace of Persepolis was reduced to ashes overnight. ⏱️ Timestamps 0:00 The King Who Walked Three-Quarters of the Earth and Lost Just Once — Alexander the Great 1:29 Macedonia and the 'Barbarians' — The Country Bumpkins Called by Greece 2:25 Philip II, the Army Built During 3 Years as a Hostage in Thebes 3:07 Sarissa 5-6m vs. Greek Spear 2m — The Phalanx 4:31 Hammer and Anvil, the Hetairoi — Greece's First Professional Soldiers 6:45 "Then Am I a Bastard?" — The Gold Between Father and Son 8:19 The Assassination of Philip II, the Mastermind Never Revealed 9:42 Accession at Age 20 — Destruction of Thebes and Pardon of Athens 12:42 Crossing the River in 334 BC — 30 Days' Worth of Provisions and "Hope" 15:21 The Battle of Granicus — One Arm Cut Off by Cleitus 17:47 The Battle of Issus — Why Darius III Did He Flee First? 23:40 The 7-Month Reclamation of Tyre and the Accession of the Egyptian Pharaoh 25:10 Poetry and Oracle — "Son of Ammon" 28:05 The Battle of Gaugamela — The Wedge Formation and the Empire's Last Afternoon 29:49 The Assassination of Darius III, Politics of a Single Cloak 31:10 The Burning of Persepolis — Revenge or a Drunken Accident? 33:03 Persia Was Not a Barbarian — The 2,699km King's Road and the Qanat 39:18 Marakanda — Killing the Person Who Saved His Life with His Own Hands 42:37 Mutiny at the Hyphasis — The Only Loss in a Lifetime 45:51 Death at 32 and the Division of the Empire ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 📜 History Log — A channel introducing records of historical events and the lives of historical figures 🔔 Subscribe and Likes are a great source of motivation for making the next video! Thank you for watching. ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━