45억 년 전 지구 탄생에서부터 현재까지... 빙하에 기록된 대멸종과 생명 탄생의 기적 [대기획 빙하 2부 - 얼음의 아이들] | KBS 20240314 방송

■ The First Snowball Earth. The First Oxygen-Creating Organisms, Stromatolites It's estimated that 2.4 billion years ago, the entire Earth was covered in ice. Scholars call this "Snowball Earth." The production team traveled to Pongola, South Africa, and Shark Bay, Australia, to search for traces of the organisms that created this Snowball Earth. There, they discovered stromatolites, sedimentary rocks created by cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria grow in shallow water and secrete a sticky mucus that adheres sand and clay to their surface. Sediment accumulates on top of the cyanobacteria, forming columns and domes. When these solidify, they become sedimentary rocks called stromatolites. These stromatolites, through photosynthesis, produced oxygen for the first time in Earth's history. Over hundreds of millions of years, this oxygen was released in large quantities into the oceans and atmosphere. The oxygen reacted with methane, which warmed the Earth, and as the methane decomposed, the Earth suddenly cooled. For the next 300 million years, the Earth froze, marking the beginning of the Huronian Snowball. ■ After the Second Snowball, the Ediacaran Period: The Beginning of Life's Evolution 720 million years ago, Earth experienced a major cataclysm due to massive volcanic eruptions. Following the conclusion of the Second Snowball, the Ediacaran Period marked the beginning of life's evolution in earnest. Following the conclusion of the Second Snowball, the Ediacaran Period marked the beginning of life's evolution in earnest. Thanks to the massive nutrients brought from land by glaciers, the oceans teemed with algae. This led to the creation of a vast biosphere and the formation of complex ecosystems. 640 million years ago, Dickinsonia, Earth's first multicellular animal group that fed on algae, finally emerged. Subsequently, the Cambrian Explosion of Life gave rise to the ancestors of all living organisms. Opabinia, which saw the world with its five eyes and caught its prey; Pikaia, an ancestor of our vertebrates with muscles extending from head to tail; Anomalocaris, considered the first apex predator in Earth's history; Tiktaalik, the first fish to emerge from water; wolf-sized scorpions; and dragonflies as large as eagles. Giant creatures flourished, including these creatures. The era of survival of the fittest, where only the fittest could be eaten, had begun. The production team recreates these catastrophic events on Earth through high-quality 3D special effects. ■ Lystrosaurus, the Symbolic Animal of the Permian Mass Extinction 250 million years ago, a massive volcanic eruption in Siberia triggered the largest mass extinction in Earth's history. The volcanic activity drastically reduced the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere, killing nearly all life. For the next 500,000 years, lava continued to flow, covering a land area the size of the United States. The Permian Mass Extinction wiped out approximately 90% of all life on land and sea. Among them, only Lystrosaurus narrowly escaped extinction here. Lystrosaurus is known to have accounted for 95% of the animals that lived on Earth after the mass extinction. The production team traced the trail of the mass extinction, searching for Lystrosaurus fossils, evidence of the extinction, in the Karoo Basin of South Africa. ※ This video is from [Grand Project Glacier Part 2 - Children of the Ice], which aired on March 14, 2024. #Glacier #Extinction #Life This is the official KBS Documentary channel. We deliver documentaries that connect with the world. Copyright ⓒ KBS. All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction, redistribution, and use (including AI learning) are prohibited. 📝 [email protected] 📞 02-781-1000 ✔KBS Documentary | KBS Official YouTube Channel Copyright ⓒ KBS. All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction, redistribution, and use (including AI training) are prohibited. 📝 [email protected] 📞 +82-2-781-1000 🏢 Seoul, Republic of Korea (South Korea) ∙The current situation and content may differ slightly depending on the broadcast time. ∙Defamatory or malicious comments may be deleted by the operator to protect the performers.